Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2024

Ancient metagenomic perspectives on the Neolithic Transition in France

Résumé

Dental calculus has become increasingly utilised in the field of ancient metagenomics as it preserves microbial DNA exceptionally well, allowing for the reconstruction of oral microbiomes. Moreover, calculus is widely available in the archaeological record and requires minimally invasive sampling. Host-associated microbial communities, such as the oral microbiome, play a role in host health and can vary across populations since they are influenced by lifestyle, diet, and ecology. Therefore, the cultural and demographic changes that occurred during the Neolithic transition can be reflected in the oral microbiomes of human groups from these periods. Recent studies suggest that the introduction of agriculture in southern Europe resulted in the gradual dispersal of microbial strains linked to farming groups, in addition to an increased abundance of oral pathogens and functional pathways associated with carbohydrate-rich diets. However, the Neolithic transition is not yet understood from a microbial perspective in present-day France, a region where both the Danubian and Mediterranean migration routes converged. Here, we present our findings from the wide-scale metagenomic study of dental calculus dating from the Upper Paleolithic to the Bronze Age and representing both routes of migration. We explore changes in microbial diversity at the compositional and functional levels, as well as the spread of microbial strains due to interactions between hunter-gatherers and early farmers. Finally, we highlight how ancient metagenomics offers a unique view on periods of sociocultural and biological change in the past when considered with archaeological and anthropological evidence
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Dates et versions

hal-04828856 , version 1 (10-12-2024)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-04828856 , version 1

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Sierra Blunt, E. Andrew Bennett, Marica Baldoni, Harmony de Belvalet, Fanny Mendisco, et al.. Ancient metagenomic perspectives on the Neolithic Transition in France. The 2024 World Neolithic congress, Nov 2024, Sanliurfa, Turkey. ⟨hal-04828856⟩
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