The intrusive nature of the Châtelperronian in the Iberian Peninsula
Joseba Rios-Garaizar
(1)
,
Eneko Iriarte
(2)
,
Lee J. Arnold
(3)
,
Laura Sánchez-Romero
(4)
,
Ana Belen Marín-Arroyo
(5)
,
Aixa San Emeterio
(1)
,
Asier Gómez-Olivencia
(6)
,
Carflos Pérez-Garrido
(7)
,
Martina Demuro
(3)
,
Isidoro Campaña
(8)
,
Laurence Bourguignon
(9, 10)
,
Alfonso Benito-Calvo
(1)
,
María J. Iriarte
(11)
,
Arantza Aranburu
(6)
,
Amaia Arranz-Otaegi
(12, 13)
,
Diego Garate
(14)
,
María Silva-Gago
(1)
,
Christelle Lahaye
(15, 16)
,
Maria Illuminada Ortega
(9)
1
CENIEH -
Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana
2 Universidad de Burgos
3 IPAS - Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS) and the School of Chemistry and Physics
4 UC - University of California
5 Universidad de Cantabria [Santander]
6 UPV/EHU - Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne]
7 UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid]
8 Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga]
9 Inrap - Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives
10 ArScAn - Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité
11 DISA (University of the Basque Country), E.U.I. de Vitoria-Gasteiz
12 AASPE - Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements
13 ITU - IT University of Copenhagen
14 IIIPC - Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistoricas de Cantabria
15 IRAMAT-CRP2A - IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie
16 UBM - Université Bordeaux Montaigne
2 Universidad de Burgos
3 IPAS - Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS) and the School of Chemistry and Physics
4 UC - University of California
5 Universidad de Cantabria [Santander]
6 UPV/EHU - Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne]
7 UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid]
8 Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga]
9 Inrap - Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives
10 ArScAn - Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité
11 DISA (University of the Basque Country), E.U.I. de Vitoria-Gasteiz
12 AASPE - Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements
13 ITU - IT University of Copenhagen
14 IIIPC - Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistoricas de Cantabria
15 IRAMAT-CRP2A - IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie
16 UBM - Université Bordeaux Montaigne
Eneko Iriarte
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1183500
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8365-5616
Asier Gómez-Olivencia
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1226550
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7831-3902
Laurence Bourguignon
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 875273
Alfonso Benito-Calvo
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1223717
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6363-1753
Diego Garate
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1219297
Christelle Lahaye
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 170786
- IdHAL : christelle-lahaye
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2215-9015
- IdRef : 105669091
Maria Illuminada Ortega
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1030839
Résumé
Multiple factors have been proposed to explain the disappearance of Neandertals between ca. 50 and 40 kyr BP. Central to these discussions has been the identification of new techno-cultural complexes that overlap with the period of Neandertal demise in Europe. One such complex is the Châtelperronian, which extends from the Paris Basin to the Northern Iberian Peninsula between 43,760–39,220 BP. In this study we present the first open-air Châtelperronian site in the Northern Iberian Peninsula, Aranbaltza II. The technological features of its stone tool assemblage show no links with previous Middle Paleolithic technology in the region, and chronological modeling reveals a gap between the latest Middle Paleolithic and the Châtelperronian in this area. We interpret this as evidence of local Neandertal extinction and replacement by other Neandertal groups coming from southern France, illustrating how local extinction episodes could have played a role in the process of disappearance of Neandertals.